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Em 05 de Novembro de 2021, Ruan de Oliveira Carneiro, aluno de mestrado do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, bolsista CAPES, por meio de videoconfer\u00eancia devido ao isolamento social causado pela pandemia do COVID-19, defendeu sua Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de Mestrado intitulada, \u201cEfeitos do biorreator de perif\u00edton sobre o fitopl\u00e2ncton e epip\u00e9lon com vistas \u00e0 biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o de reservat\u00f3rios eutrofizados\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n A banca examinadora foi presidida pela sua orientadora Dra. Carla Ferragut (Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais \u2013 IPA) e composta pela Dra. Denise de Campos Bicudo (N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia \u2013 IPA) e pela Dra. Luciane de Oliveira Crossetti (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS).<\/span><\/p>\n ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n Regarding the environmental impacts on aquatic ecosystems, eutrophication is one of the most widespread problems on the planet, as it causes the proliferation of harmful algae, deterioration of water quality and fish mortality. The overload of N and P is considered a key factor for triggering eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems, with phosphorus being the element most associated with algal blooms. Considering the ability of periphyton to adsorb and absorb P, studies have shown the efficiency of using periphyton bioreactors in the control of algae and phytoplankton cyanobacterial bloom in eutrophic reservoir bioremediation processes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and feasibility of using periphyton bioreactors for phosphorus removal in bioremediation processes and restoration of eutrophic environments. To achieve this goal, two experiments were carried out in open-bottom mesocosms in situ<\/em> in the coastal region of Lago das Gar\u00e7as, which allowed obtaining responses closer to natural conditions. This is an eutrophic reservoir with frequent blooms of phytoplankton, which is located in Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), S\u00e3o Paulo. The biovolume and density of cyanobacteria were lower in the presence of the periphyton bioreactor in both experiments, showing the potential of the community in the bioremediation process. In the second experiment, epipelon chlorophyll-a<\/em> was higher in the presence of the periphyton bioreactor. Species richness decreased in treatments with the periphyton bioreactor. The chemical stress generated by nutrient depletion may not favor species that are already adapted to eutrophic conditions. The species with the highest biovolume during the experiment was Raphidiopsis raciborskii<\/em>. This cyanobacteria species has high biomass in cloudy environments and is negatively affected by light availability. The biomass of this species decreased in the presence of the periphyton bioreactor during the experimental period. Finally, the results of both experiments show the potential that the periphyton bioreactor has for use in bioremediation and restoration processes of eutrophic environments.<\/p>\n Keywords<\/strong>: eutrophic environments, biofilm, phosphorus removal, bioremediation, restoration, nutrient removal. Bioreactor<\/p>\n RESUMO<\/strong><\/p>\n Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos impactos ambientais nos ecossistemas aqu\u00e1ticos, a eutrofiza\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um dos problemas mais difundidos no planeta, pois causa a prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o de algas nocivas, deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o da qualidade da \u00e1gua e mortandade de peixes. A sobrecarga de N e P \u00e9 considerado fator chave para o desencadeamento da eutrofiza\u00e7\u00e3o nos ecossistemas aqu\u00e1ticos, sendo o f\u00f3sforo o elemento mais associado \u00e0s flora\u00e7\u00f5es algais. Considerando a capacidade do perif\u00edton de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o e absor\u00e7\u00e3o de P, estudos mostraram a efici\u00eancia da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de biorreatores de perif\u00edton no controle da flora\u00e7\u00e3o de algas e cianobact\u00e9rias do fitopl\u00e2ncton em processos de biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o de reservat\u00f3rios eutr\u00f3ficos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a efici\u00eancia e viabilidade da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de biorreatores de perif\u00edton para a remo\u00e7\u00e3o de f\u00f3sforo em processos de biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o e restaura\u00e7\u00e3o de ambientes eutrofizados. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0realizados dois experimentos em mesocosmos de fundo aberto in situ <\/em>na regi\u00e3o litor\u00e2nea do Lago das Gar\u00e7as, o que permitiu a obten\u00e7\u00e3o de respostas mais pr\u00f3ximas \u00e0s condi\u00e7\u00f5es naturais. Este \u00e9 um reservat\u00f3rio eutr\u00f3fico com flora\u00e7\u00f5es frequentes do fitopl\u00e2ncton, o qual est\u00e1 localizado no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), S\u00e3o Paulo. O biovolume e a densidade de cianobact\u00e9rias foram menores na presen\u00e7a do biorreator de perif\u00edton em ambos os experimentos, evidenciando o potencial da comunidade em processo de biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o. No segundo experimento, a clorofila-a <\/em>do epip\u00e9lon foi \u00a0maior na presen\u00e7a do biorreator de perif\u00edton. A riqueza de esp\u00e9cies diminuiu nos tratamentos com o biorreator de perif\u00edton. O estresse qu\u00edmico gerado pelo empobrecimento dos nutrientes pode n\u00e3o favorecer esp\u00e9cies que j\u00e1 est\u00e3o adaptadas \u00e0s condi\u00e7\u00f5es eutr\u00f3ficas. A esp\u00e9cie com maior biovolume durante o experimento foi Raphidiopsis raciborskii<\/em>. Essa esp\u00e9cie de cianobact\u00e9ria apresenta elevada biomassa em ambientes turvos e \u00e9 negativamente afetada pela disponibilidade de luz. A biomassa dessa esp\u00e9cie diminuiu na presen\u00e7a do biorreator de perif\u00edton durante o per\u00edodo experimental. Por fim, os resultados de ambos os experimentos mostram o potencial que o biorreator de perif\u00edton apresenta na utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o em processos de biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o e restaura\u00e7\u00e3o de ambientes eutrofizados.<\/p>\n Palavras-chave<\/strong>: ambientes eutrofizados, biofilme, remo\u00e7\u00e3o de f\u00f3sforo, biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o, restaura\u00e7\u00e3o, remo\u00e7\u00e3o de nutrientes. Biorreator<\/p>\n
\nEfeitos do biorreator de perif\u00edton sobre o fitopl\u00e2ncton e epip\u00e9lon com vistas \u00e0 biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o de reservat\u00f3rios eutrofizados<\/h3>\n
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<\/a>Ruan de Oliveira Carneiro<\/strong><\/a>
\nEfeitos do biorreator de perif\u00edton sobre o fitopl\u00e2ncton e epip\u00e9lon com vistas \u00e0 biorremedia\u00e7\u00e3o de reservat\u00f3rios eutrofizados<\/a><\/p>\n
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