{"id":7904,"date":"2021-07-20T16:29:35","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T19:29:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=7904"},"modified":"2021-07-20T16:30:07","modified_gmt":"2021-07-20T19:30:07","slug":"milton-augusto-goncalves-pereira-ms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/milton-augusto-goncalves-pereira-ms\/","title":{"rendered":"Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira MS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3777 size-full\" style=\"border: 0px\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\" alt=\"faixapos6\" width=\"950\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg 950w, https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6-768x131.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira<\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Em 29 de maio de 2020, Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira, aluno de mestrado do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista CAPES, por meio de videoconfer\u00eancia devido ao isolamento social causado pela pandemia do COVID-19, defendeu sua Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de Mestrado intitulada, \u201cComposi\u00e7\u00e3o Isot\u00f3pica Foliar (\u03b4 13c e \u03b4 15n) e Respostas Fisiol\u00f3gicas na Comunidade Vegetal de Quatro Florestas Urbanas da Cidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background: white;margin: 0cm 0cm 22.5pt 0cm\" align=\"center\">A banca examinadora foi presidida pelo seu orientador, PqC. Dra. Marisa Domingos e composta pela Prof. Dr. Plinio Barbosa de Camargo (CENA\/ESALq) e pelo Prof. Dr. Giuliano Masselli Locosselli (IB\/USP).<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Composi\u00e7\u00e3o Isot\u00f3pica Foliar (\u03b4 13c e \u03b4 15n) e Respostas Fisiol\u00f3gicas na Comunidade Vegetal de Quatro Florestas Urbanas da Cidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP<\/h3>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Urban forests are surrounded by an urban matrix and constitute a portion of forest that preserves the richness of local vegetation and preserves the relationship of living beings with each other and with the environment. In large cities, such as S\u00e3o Paulo, urban forests are exposed to numerous factors of environmental stress, such as air pollution by carbon and nitrogen compounds. The vehicular fleet is one of the main sources of emissions of these pollutants, being responsible for approximately 10% of global emissions of greenhouse gases. The isotopic composition and associated physiological responses have not yet been reported for different taxonomic groups and arboreal communities located in urban forests in Brazil, and this work is a pioneer within this approach. Therefore, the present study was proposed with the objective of verifying if there are differences in the isotopic composition of C and N (\u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C\u00a0 e \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N) between taxonomic groups present in urban forests in the city of S\u00e3o Paulo, located at a distance in the center-periphery direction and between forests and to verify, through the isotopic composition of the C of the tree community, if there is a change in the physiological responses of these forests. The present study was carried out in four urban fragments of Atlantic forest in the city of S\u00e3o Paulo included in the following parks: Parque Trianon (PT), Parque Alfredo Volpi (PAV), Fontes do Ipiranga State Park (PEFI) and Fazenda do Carmo Municipal Park ( PRA\u00c7A). These parks are 3, 8, 10.5 and 16km away from the center of S\u00e3o Paulo, respectively. 81 (PT), 69 (PAV), 60 (PEFI) and 69 (PC) species were sampled in the four urban forests, belonging to 31 (PT), 25 (PAV), 22 (PEFI0 and 28 (PC) families. wide variation among botanical families in the \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N isotopic value Most of the botanical families had positive values, that is, values \u200b\u200benriched by the heavy isotope, only Annonaceae, Clusiaceae, Lacistemaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae, Proteaceae and Rhamnaceae were represented by trees with negative values There was also a clear variation between forests towards the center of the city towards the periphery. The forest community of the forest closest to the center (PT) presented the highest values \u200b\u200bof \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N and that of the furthest from the center (PC) the lowest values. Although the values \u200b\u200bof \u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C in the leaves of the trees of the four studied forests varied widely, such dispersion was not determined in a characteristic way by the diversity of species and botanical families. The percentage of C in the urban forest tree community increased linearly in the center-periphery direction. There was variation in the \u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C values \u200b\u200bbetween forests, but a linear increase in the center-periphery direction was not detected. The \u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C values \u200b\u200bin the trees in the forest closest to the center and those in the furthest forest (PT and PC respectively) were similar and lower than the isotopic composition of trees in other forests. These forest fragments located at the ends of the center-periphery gradient were also the ones that showed the lowest estimated values \u200b\u200bof isotopic discrimination of C and internal concentration of CO<sub>2<\/sub> and the lowest intrinsic efficiencies of water use and carbon assimilation. These results suggest that the trees of the extreme forest fragments proved to be more conservative in the use of water, had less stomatic opening and less capacity to assimilate carbon from the atmosphere than the other fragments, that is, having as base the lifetime of the leaves collected in this study. Furthermore, the estimated assimilation of C was negative in all forests, indicating that the leaves of the trees photorespired more than they effectively fixed C throughout its existence.<br \/>\nKeywords: Isotopes, Carbon, Nitrogen, Atlantic Forest, Urban Forest<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>RESUMO<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Florestas urbanas s\u00e3o rodeadas por matriz urbana e constituem uma por\u00e7\u00e3o de mata que preserva a riqueza da vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o local e conserva a rela\u00e7\u00e3o dos seres vivos entre si e com o meio ambiente. Nas grandes cidades, como S\u00e3o Paulo, as florestas urbanas est\u00e3o expostas a in\u00fameros fatores de estresse ambiental, como a polui\u00e7\u00e3o do ar por compostos de carbono e nitrog\u00eanio. A frota veicular \u00e9 uma das principais fontes de emiss\u00e3o destes poluentes, sendo respons\u00e1vel por aproximadamente 10% das emiss\u00f5es globais de gases de efeito estufa. A composi\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica e respostas fisiol\u00f3gicas associadas ainda n\u00e3o foram reportadas para diferentes grupos taxon\u00f4micos e comunidades arb\u00f3reas localizadas em florestas urbanas no Brasil, sendo este trabalho pioneiro dentro desta abordagem. Sendo assim, o presente estudo foi proposto com os objetivos de averiguar se h\u00e1 diferen\u00e7as na composi\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica de C e N (\u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C\u00a0 e \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N) entre grupos taxon\u00f4micos presentes em florestas urbanas da cidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, localizadas em um distanciamento no sentido centro-periferia e entre as florestas e verificar por meio da composi\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica do C da comunidade arb\u00f3rea se h\u00e1 altera\u00e7\u00e3o de respostas fisiol\u00f3gicas dessas florestas. O presente estudo foi realizado em quatro fragmentos urbanos de mata Atl\u00e2ntica na cidade de S\u00e3o Paulo inclu\u00eddos nos seguintes parques:\u00a0 Parque Trianon (PT), Parque Alfredo Volpi (PAV), Parque Estadual Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI) e Parque Municipal Fazenda do Carmo (PC). Esses parques distam respectivamente 3, 8, 10,5 e 16 km do centro de S\u00e3o Paulo. Foram amostradas 81 (PT), 69 (PAV), 60 (PEFI) e 69 (PC) esp\u00e9cies nas quatros florestas urbanas, pertencentes a 31 (PT), 25 (PAV), 22 (PEFI0 e 28 (PC) fam\u00edlias. Houve ampla varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre fam\u00edlias bot\u00e2nicas no valor isot\u00f3pico de \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N. A maioria das fam\u00edlias bot\u00e2nicas tiveram valores positivos, ou seja, valores enriquecidos pelo is\u00f3topo pesado. Apenas Annonaceae, Clusiaceae, Lacistemaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae, Proteaceae e Rhamnaceae foram representadas por \u00e1rvores com valores negativos. Observou-se, tamb\u00e9m, n\u00edtida varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre as florestas no sentido do centro da cidade para a periferia. A comunidade arb\u00f3rea da floresta mais pr\u00f3xima do centro (PT) apresentou os mais altos valores de \u03b4<sup>15<\/sup>N e a da mais afastada do centro (PC) os menores valores. Apesar dos valores de \u03b4<sup>1<\/sup><sup>3<\/sup>C nas folhas das \u00e1rvores das quatro florestas estudadas terem variado amplamente, tal dispers\u00e3o n\u00e3o foi determinada de forma caracter\u00edstica pela diversidade de esp\u00e9cies e fam\u00edlias bot\u00e2nicas. A porcentagem de C na comunidade arb\u00f3rea das florestas urbanas aumentou linearmente no sentido centro-periferia. Houve varia\u00e7\u00e3o nos valores de \u03b4<sup>1<\/sup><sup>3<\/sup>C entre florestas, mas n\u00e3o foi detectado um aumento linear no sentido centro periferia. Os valores de \u03b4<sup>1<\/sup><sup>3<\/sup>C nas \u00e1rvores da floresta mais pr\u00f3xima do centro e nas da floresta mais afastada (PT e PC, respectivamente) foram similares e mais baixos do que a composi\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica das \u00e1rvores das outras florestas. Esses fragmentos florestais localizados nas extremidades do gradiente centro-periferia tamb\u00e9m foram os que apresentaram menores valores estimados de discrimina\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica de C e de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o interna de CO<sub>2<\/sub> e as menores efici\u00eancias intr\u00ednsecas do uso da \u00e1gua e assimila\u00e7\u00e3o de carbono. Estes resultados sugerem que as \u00e1rvores dos fragmentos florestais extremos se mostraram mais conservadoras no uso da \u00e1gua, apresentaram menor abertura estom\u00e1tica e menor capacidade de assimilar carbono da atmosfera do que os demais fragmentos, isto \u00e9, tendo como base o tempo de vida das folhas coletadas neste estudo. Ainda, a assimila\u00e7\u00e3o de C estimada foi negativa em todas as florestas, indicando que as folhas das \u00e1rvores fotorrespiraram mais do que fixaram efetivamente C ao longo de sua exist\u00eancia.<br \/>\nPalavras-chave: Is\u00f3topos, Carbono, Nitrog\u00eanio, Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, Floresta Urbana<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/sites\/242\/2021\/07\/milton_augusto_goncalves_pereira_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2013\/09\/pdf_grande.gif\" alt=\"pdf_grande\" width=\"60\" height=\"60\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/sites\/242\/2021\/07\/milton_augusto_goncalves_pereira_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/sites\/242\/2021\/07\/milton_augusto_goncalves_pereira_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Composi\u00e7\u00e3o Isot\u00f3pica Foliar (\u03b4 13c e \u03b4 15n) e Respostas Fisiol\u00f3gicas na Comunidade Vegetal de Quatro Florestas Urbanas da Cidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP<\/a><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira Em 29 de maio de 2020, Milton Augusto Gon\u00e7alves Pereira, aluno de mestrado do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista CAPES, por meio de videoconfer\u00eancia devido ao isolamento social causado pela pandemia do COVID-19, defendeu sua Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de Mestrado intitulada, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":103,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7904"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7904"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7904\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7906,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7904\/revisions\/7906"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7904"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}