{"id":7817,"date":"2021-06-16T10:33:19","date_gmt":"2021-06-16T13:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=7817"},"modified":"2021-06-16T10:34:19","modified_gmt":"2021-06-16T13:34:19","slug":"marina-silva-de-brito-ms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/marina-silva-de-brito-ms\/","title":{"rendered":"Marina Silva de Brito MS"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"faixapos6\"<\/a><\/h2>\n
\n

Marina Silva de Brito<\/h2>\n
\n

No dia 14 de maio de 2020, a aluna do programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo (IBt),
\nMarina Silva de Brito, defendeu sua disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de Mestrado intitulada: \u201cInflu\u00eancia das condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas e da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de oz\u00f4nio nas trocas gasosas de Astronium graveolens<\/em> Jacq.\u201d.<\/p>\n

A banca examinadora foi composta pela orientadora Dra. Regina Maria de Moraes do N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia (IBt), pela Dra. Adalgiza Fornaro do Instituto de Astronomia, Geof\u00edsica e Ci\u00eancias Atmosf\u00e9ricas (IAG\/USP) e pela Dra. Catarina de Carvalho Nievola do N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Plantas Ornamentais (IBt).<\/p>\n

\n

Influ\u00eancia das condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas e da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de oz\u00f4nio nas trocas gasosas de Astronium<\/em> graveolens<\/em> Jacq.<\/h3>\n
\n

ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n

The anthropic action has contributed to the increase of pollution levels in the biosphere. Ozone is a gaseous pollutant toxic to human and plant health. In plants, O3<\/sub> enters through stomata, a structure also controlled by external factors, such as temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation, among others. Upon entering the leaf, O3<\/sub> is reduced, generating reactive oxygen species, which can oxidize vital molecules, such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. The strong oxidation induced by O3<\/sub>, can affect several processes in plants, such as gas exchange, with reflexes on growth and development. The objective of this study was to determine which environmental factors, including air quality and meteorological factors, have a greater influence on the gas exchange of the species Astronium graveolens<\/em> Jacq .. This species is native of Atlantic Forest and sensitive to O3<\/sub>. Young individuals about 30 cm tall were potted and exposed on a standard basis in an open area at the Fitot\u00e9rio of the Biosciences Institute of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo. The rates of net carbon assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil relative humidity (SRU) were measured weekly from September\/2018 until March\/2019, in three periods of the day: morning (9 am to 10 am), noon (11 am to 12 pm) and afternoon (2 pm to 3 pm) in leaves with expanded limbus, referring to the 3rd<\/sup> or 4th<\/sup> node from the apex (n = 10). The data of air temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (Ws) and Precipitation were provided by the Department of Geography of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo. The O3<\/sub> concentration was obtained through a station of the Environmental Agency of the State of S\u00e3o Paulo (CETESB), installed next to the site. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used, which made it possible to identify correlations between biotic variables: A, E, gs, and abiotic variables: T, RH, Ws, PAR, VPD, SRU and accumulated ozone concentration. The first two ordering axes concentrated 64% of the total variability of the data. The variables that showed the highest correlation with axis 1 were gs (r = 0.45), VPD (r = -0.39), E (r = 0.39), RH (r = 0.37), A (r = 0.36), Ws (r = -0.27) and PAR (r = -0.18). In axis 2, the correlated variables were RH (r = 0.47), O3<\/sub> (r = – 0.43) and T (r = – 0.39). The variables associated with reduced gas exchange rates were VPD, T, Ws and PAR, which showed high values mainly in the afternoon. In the morning, the plants showed higher rates of gas exchange, compared to midday and afternoon. Meteorological conditions, especially VPD, were unfavorable to O3<\/sub> absorption, causing stomatal limitation, therefore, even with high O3<\/sub> concentration, there was no association between O3<\/sub> and reduced gas exchange, nor manifestation of visible leaf injuries.
\nKeywords: gas exchange, ozone, meteorological conditions<\/p>\n

RESUMO<\/strong><\/p>\n

A a\u00e7\u00e3o antr\u00f3pica vem contribuindo para o aumento dos n\u00edveis de polui\u00e7\u00e3o da biosfera. O oz\u00f4nio \u00e9 um poluente gasoso t\u00f3xico para a sa\u00fade humana e dos vegetais. Nas plantas, o O3<\/sub> entra atrav\u00e9s dos est\u00f4matos, estrutura controlada tamb\u00e9m por fatores externos, como temperatura, umidade relativa e radia\u00e7\u00e3o solar, entre outros. Ao entrar na folha, o O3<\/sub> \u00e9 reduzido e s\u00e3o formadas as esp\u00e9cies reativas de oxig\u00eanio, que podem oxidar mol\u00e9culas vitais, como lip\u00eddeos, prote\u00ednas e \u00e1cidos nucl\u00e9icos. A forte oxida\u00e7\u00e3o induzida pelo O3<\/sub>, pode afetar diversos processos nos vegetais, como as trocas gasosas, com reflexos no crescimento e desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar quais fatores ambientais, incluindo a qualidade do ar e os meteorol\u00f3gicos, exercem maior influ\u00eancia nas trocas gasosas da esp\u00e9cie Astronium graveolens<\/em> Jacq.. Esta esp\u00e9cie \u00e9 nativa da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica e sens\u00edvel ao O3<\/sub>. Indiv\u00edduos jovens com cerca de 30 cm de altura foram envasados e expostos de modo padronizado em uma \u00e1rea aberta no Fitot\u00e9rio do Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo. As taxas de assimila\u00e7\u00e3o l\u00edquida de carbono (A), condut\u00e2ncia estom\u00e1tica (gs), transpira\u00e7\u00e3o (E), o d\u00e9ficit de press\u00e3o de vapor (DPV), a radia\u00e7\u00e3o fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA) e a umidade relativa do solo (URs) foram medidos semanalmente de setembro\/2018 at\u00e9 mar\u00e7o\/2019, em tr\u00eas per\u00edodos do dia: manh\u00e3 (9h \u00e0s 10h), meio-dia (11h \u00e0s 12h) e tarde (14h \u00e0s 15h) em folhas com limbo expandido, referentes ao 3\u00ba ou 4\u00ba n\u00f3 a partir do \u00e1pice (n=10). Os dados de temperatura do ar (T), umidade relativa do ar (URar), velocidade do vento (VV) e precipita\u00e7\u00e3o foram fornecidos pelo Departamento de Geografia da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo. A concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de O3<\/sub> foi obtida atrav\u00e9s de uma esta\u00e7\u00e3o da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo (CETESB), instalada ao lado do local. Foi utilizada uma An\u00e1lise de Componentes Principais (ACP), que possibilitou identificar correla\u00e7\u00f5es entre as vari\u00e1veis bi\u00f3ticas: A, E, gs, e vari\u00e1veis abi\u00f3ticas: T, URar, VV, RFA, DPV, URs e concentra\u00e7\u00e3o acumulada de oz\u00f4nio. Os dois primeiros eixos de ordena\u00e7\u00e3o concentraram 64 % da variabilidade total dos dados. As vari\u00e1veis que apresentaram maior correla\u00e7\u00e3o com o eixo 1 foram: gs (r = 0,45), DPV (r = -0,39), E (r = 0,39), URar (r = 0,37), A (r = 0,36), VV (r = -0,27) e RFA (r = -0,18). No eixo 2, as vari\u00e1veis correlatas foram: URs (r = 0,47), O3<\/sub> (r = – 0,43) e T (r = – 0,39). As vari\u00e1veis associadas \u00e0 redu\u00e7\u00e3o das taxas de trocas gasosas foram: DPV, T, VV e RFA, que apresentaram valores altos principalmente no per\u00edodo da tarde. No per\u00edodo da manh\u00e3, as plantas apresentaram taxas mais altas de trocas gasosas, comparando com meio-dia e tarde. As condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas, principalmente o DPV, foram desfavor\u00e1veis \u00e0 absor\u00e7\u00e3o de O3<\/sub>, causando limita\u00e7\u00e3o estom\u00e1tica, por isso, mesmo com concentra\u00e7\u00e3o alta, n\u00e3o houve associa\u00e7\u00e3o entre O3<\/sub> e redu\u00e7\u00e3o das trocas gasosas, nem manifesta\u00e7\u00e3o de inj\u00farias foliares vis\u00edveis.
\nPalavras-chave: trocas gasosas, oz\u00f4nio, condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas<\/p>\n

\n

\"pdf_grande\"<\/a>Marina Silva de Brito<\/strong><\/a>
\nInflu\u00eancia das condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas e da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de oz\u00f4nio nas trocas gasosas de Astronium graveolens<\/em> Jacq.<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Marina Silva de Brito No dia 14 de maio de 2020, a aluna do programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo (IBt), Marina Silva de Brito, defendeu sua disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de Mestrado intitulada: \u201cInflu\u00eancia das condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas e da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de oz\u00f4nio nas trocas gasosas de Astronium […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":103,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7817"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7817"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7817\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7819,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7817\/revisions\/7819"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}