{"id":7253,"date":"2019-10-31T11:31:31","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T14:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=7253"},"modified":"2019-10-31T11:31:31","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T14:31:31","slug":"gabriela-maria-cabral-nascimento-ms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/gabriela-maria-cabral-nascimento-ms\/","title":{"rendered":"Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento MS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"arquivos.ambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3777 size-full\" style=\"border: 0px\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\" alt=\"faixapos6\" width=\"950\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg 950w, https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6-768x131.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento<\/strong><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Em 24 de abril de 2019, a aluna Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento do programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista CAPES, defendeu sua disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de mestrado intitulada: \u201cAtividade das enzimas glutamina sintetase e glutamato desidrogenase em plantas de <em>Alcantarea imperialis <\/em>(Carri\u00e8re) Harms submetidas \u00e0 diferentes temperaturas\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A banca examinadora foi presidida pela orientadora, Dra. Catarina Carvalho Nievola do N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Plantas Ornamentais (IBt), e contou com a participa\u00e7\u00e3o da Dra. Marisa Domingos do N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia (IBt) e da Dra. Luciana Mollo do Col\u00e9gio Singular.<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Atividade das enzimas glutamina sintetase e glutamato desidrogenase em plantas de <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em> (Carri\u00e8re) Harms submetidas \u00e0 diferentes temperaturas<\/h3>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Global warming effects include a more extreme climate scenario with more frequent droughts, floods and hot flashes, altering the environmental scenario. Stress tolerant species include rupicolous bromeliads, such as <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em> (Carri\u00e8re) Harms, which occupy environments subject to intense temperature variations, indicating the presence of physiological mechanisms that guarantee their survival. In this sense, it can become a model for studying physiological responses to climate change events, such as rising temperatures. It has been considered that one of the effects of exposure to high temperatures in plants is increased proteolysis that can lead to ammonium release, among other products considered toxic if accumulated. Therefore, this ion must be efficiently assimilated by the action of enzymes such as glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). The objective of this work was to evaluate the activities of these enzymes in plants of <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em>, submitted to different thermal conditions, aiming to evaluate the efficient assimilation of ammonium and the survival capacity in the scenario of temperature change. Seeds were placed to germinate in petri dishes with filter paper at 25 \u00b1 2 \u00b0C and 12h photoperiod. The plants were transferred to trays containing Pinus bark as substrate and kept under the same conditions for two months. After this period, they were placed in a germination chamber at different temperatures (25 \u00b0C, 37 \u00b0C, 15 \u00b0C and 37 \u00b0C\/15 \u00b0C), photoperiod of 12h and evaluated for up to 15 days. The collections occurred in 1 day, 4 days, 7 days, 11 days and 15 days. The results showed that the temperature of 37 \u00b0C caused the greatest release of ammonium in the tissues at 15 days of cultivation, accompanied by decreased GS, increased GDH, reduced photosynthetic pigments and Fv\/Fm values. Plants maintained at 15 \u00b0C had lower values \u200b\u200bfor relative water content, small increase of ammonium and increase of GS. GDH activity had no significant difference, chlorophyll a increase and fluorescence values \u200b\u200bclose to control (25 \u00b0C). The alternation treatment (37 \u00b0C\/15 \u00b0C) presented values \u200b\u200bof the evaluated parameters closer to 25 \u00b0C than to 37 \u00b0C, possibly due to the nights having lower temperatures than during the day. Showing that the constant high temperatures day \/ night affect the plants of <em>A. imperialis<\/em> more than the low temperatures. When the plants were de-acclimated, that is, the plant batch at 37 \u00b0C was transferred to 25 \u00b0C, a reduction in ammonium content, an increase in photosynthetic pigments and an increase in Fv\/Fm, revealing the ability to adjust these parameters as a function of decreasing cultivation temperature. It can be concluded that <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em> plants are resistant to temperature increase at 37 \u00b0C for up to 15 days. However, the existence of a night cold period of 15 \u00b0C was essential for its survival, and more favorable for ammonium assimilation or less release of this ion. These results indicate the need to maintain the thermal amplitude in the environment of occurrence of this species, a condition considered threatened due to the predicted climate changes.<br \/>\nKeywords: Bromeliacea<em>, <\/em>high temperature, ammonium, global warming, climate changes<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>RESUMO<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Efeitos do aquecimento global incluem um cen\u00e1rio de clima mais extremo com secas, inunda\u00e7\u00f5es e ondas de calor mais frequentes, alterando o cen\u00e1rio ambiental. Dentre esp\u00e9cies tolerantes \u00e0 situa\u00e7\u00f5es de estresse, encontram-se as brom\u00e9lias rup\u00edcolas, como <em>Alcantarea imperialis <\/em>(Carri\u00e8re) Harms, a qual ocupa ambientes sujeitos a intensas varia\u00e7\u00f5es de temperatura, o que indica a presen\u00e7a de mecanismos fisiol\u00f3gicos que garantam sua sobreviv\u00eancia. Nesse sentido, pode tornar-se um modelo para estudo das respostas fisiol\u00f3gicas aos eventos de mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, como o aumento da temperatura. Tem sido considerado que um dos efeitos da exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 altas temperaturas nas plantas, \u00e9 o aumento da prote\u00f3lise que pode levar \u00e0 libera\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nio, dentre outros produtos considerados t\u00f3xicos se acumulados. Portanto, esse \u00edon deve ser assimilado com efici\u00eancia pela a\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas como a glutamina sintetase (GS) e glutamato desidrogenase (GDH). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as atividades dessas enzimas em plantas de <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em>, submetidas \u00e0 diferentes condi\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00e9rmicas, visando avaliar a assimila\u00e7\u00e3o eficiente de am\u00f4nio e a capacidade de sobreviv\u00eancia no cen\u00e1rio de altera\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura. Sementes foram colocadas para germinar em placas de Petri com papel filtro, a 25 \u00b1 2 \u00b0C e fotoper\u00edodo de 12h. As plantas foram transferidas para bandejas contendo como substrato casca de <em>Pinus, <\/em>sendo mantidas nas mesmas condi\u00e7\u00f5es durante dois meses. Ap\u00f3s esse per\u00edodo, foram colocadas em c\u00e2mara de germina\u00e7\u00e3o, em diferentes temperaturas (25 \u00b0C, 37 \u00b0C, 15 \u00b0C e 37 \u00b0C\/15 \u00b0C), fotoper\u00edodo de 12h e avaliadas por at\u00e9 15 dias. As coletas ocorreram em 1 dia, 4 dias, 7 dias, 11 dias e 15 dias. Os resultados mostraram que a temperatura de 37\u00b0C foi que ocasionou maior libera\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nio nos tecidos aos 15 dias de cultivo, acompanhado de diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da GS, aumento da GDH, redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos pigmentos fotossint\u00e9ticos e dos valores de Fv\/Fm. J\u00e1 as plantas mantidas \u00e0 15\u00b0C apresentaram menores valores para o conte\u00fado relativo de \u00e1gua, pequeno aumento de am\u00f4nio e aumento de GS. A atividade de GDH n\u00e3o teve diferen\u00e7a significativa, aumento de clorofila <em>a<\/em> e valores de fluoresc\u00eancia pr\u00f3ximos ao controle (25 \u00b0C). O tratamento de altern\u00e2ncia (37 \u00b0C\/15 \u00b0C) apresentou valores dos par\u00e2metros avaliados mais pr\u00f3ximos \u00e0 25 \u00b0C do que \u00e0 37 \u00b0C, possivelmente devido as noites terem temperaturas mais baixas do que durante o dia.\u00a0 Mostrando que as altas temperaturas constantes dia\/noite afetam mais as plantas de <em>A. imperialis<\/em> do que as baixas temperaturas. Quando as plantas foram de-aclimatadas, ou seja, o lote de plantas a 37 \u00b0C foi transferido para 25 \u00b0C, observou-se redu\u00e7\u00e3o do conte\u00fado de am\u00f4nio, aumento dos pigmentos fotossint\u00e9ticos e aumento do Fv\/Fm, revelando a capacidade de ajustar esses par\u00e2metros em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura de cultivo. \u00c9 poss\u00edvel concluir que as plantas de <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em> s\u00e3o resistentes ao aumento da temperatura a 37 \u00b0C por at\u00e9 15 dias. Contudo, a exist\u00eancia de um per\u00edodo de frio noturno de 15 \u00b0C foi essencial \u00e0 sua sobreviv\u00eancia, e mais favor\u00e1vel \u00e0 assimila\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nio ou \u00e0 menor libera\u00e7\u00e3o desse \u00edon. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade de manuten\u00e7\u00e3o da amplitude t\u00e9rmica no ambiente de ocorr\u00eancia dessa esp\u00e9cie, condi\u00e7\u00e3o esta considerada amea\u00e7ada devido \u00e0s altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas previstas.<br \/>\nPalavras-chave: Bromeliaceae, temperatura alta, am\u00f4nio, aquecimento global, mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2019\/10\/gabriela_maria_cabral_nascimento_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2013\/09\/pdf_grande.gif\" alt=\"pdf_grande\" width=\"60\" height=\"60\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2019\/10\/gabriela_maria_cabral_nascimento_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2019\/10\/gabriela_maria_cabral_nascimento_ms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Atividade das enzimas glutamina sintetase e glutamato desidrogenase em plantas de <em>Alcantarea imperialis<\/em> (Carri\u00e8re) Harms submetidas \u00e0 diferentes temperaturas<\/a><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/\">VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento Em 24 de abril de 2019, a aluna Gabriela Maria Cabral Nascimento do programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista CAPES, defendeu sua disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de mestrado intitulada: \u201cAtividade das enzimas glutamina sintetase e glutamato desidrogenase em plantas de Alcantarea imperialis (Carri\u00e8re) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":103,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7253"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7253"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7257,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7253\/revisions\/7257"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}