{"id":6247,"date":"2018-02-16T11:43:48","date_gmt":"2018-02-16T13:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=6247"},"modified":"2025-03-31T10:03:14","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T13:03:14","slug":"vitor-almeida-ms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/vitor-almeida-ms\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edtor Almeida MS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"arquivos.ambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3777 size-full\" style=\"border: 0px\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\" alt=\"faixapos6\" width=\"950\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg 950w, https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6-768x131.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">V\u00edtor Hugo Melo de Almeida<\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/vitor.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6248\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/vitor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/vitor.jpg 566w, https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/vitor-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Em 27 de Abril de 2017, V\u00edtor Almeida, aluno de mestrado do programa de P\u00f3s- Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica, bolsista FAPESP,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 defendeu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sua\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mestrado\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intitulada,\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cCaracter\u00edsticas foliares associadas \u00e0 resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca em um gradiente de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o antr\u00f3pica na Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, SP\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A banca examinadora foi presidida pelo seu orientador, PqC. Dr. Marcos Pereira Marinho Aidar e composta pelo Prof. Dr. Sergio Meirelles Tadeu (Departamento de Ecologia- USP) e pelo PqC. Dr. Marco Aur\u00e9lio Silva Tin\u00e9 (N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioqu\u00edmica de Plantas \u2013 IBt\/SP).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">O trabalho procurou entender como as mudan\u00e7as causadas pela fragmenta\u00e7\u00e3o, resultante da convers\u00e3o de florestas para uso da terra, afetam a assinatura funcional das esp\u00e9cies arb\u00f3reas da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao uso da \u00e1gua e a estrutura foliar. Al\u00e9m disso, o trabalho elucidou como esses dois aspectos da folha est\u00e3o relacionados e como podem ser traduzidos em estrat\u00e9gias ecol\u00f3gicas, no contexto de uso da terra.<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Caracter\u00edsticas foliares associadas \u00e0 resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca em um gradiente de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o antr\u00f3pica na Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, SP<\/h3>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The luxurious Atlantic Forest has one of the world\u2019s largest biodiversity, where lives more than half of the Brazilian\u2019s population. Also, it is one of the most threatened tropical forests. This is mainly due to forest conversion into crop and pasture, leading to an intense forest fragmentation, which, among other effects, changes their species composition and functioning. Thus, this scenario represents a natural laboratory for investigating the consequences of land use on the structure and function of human-modified tropical forest on multiple ecological scales. The resource strategies along environmental gradients are fundamental components in forest establishment at different disturbance levels. In this context, a functional trait, predictive and general, approach, relating the role of leaf structure with drought tolerance can improve understanding on species strategies associated with different disturbance levels. Thus, it was tested if (1) drought resistance\u00a0\u2013 i.e., lower turgor loss point (\u03c8ppt), high elasticity modulus (\u03b5) and osmotic potential at full turgor (\u03c00) are linked with high leaf mass area (LMA) and leaf density (LD), and if leaf thickness (LT) reflects a high leaf capacitance at full turgor (CFT); (2) if the fragments\u00a0have a functional trait composition of greater drought tolerance, and also show different water use strategies, in species and community scales. Species that make up 70% of basal area in continuous (old-growth and secondary, Serra do Mar State Park) and fragmented forests along S\u00e3o Luis do Paraitinga-Taubat\u00e9 transect were sampled. A functional link between leaf structure and hydraulics was partially confirmed by a significant correlation between \u03c8ppt and LD, differently from that expected for C<sub>TM<\/sub> and LT. Among the hydraulic\u00a0traits, high elasticity was associated with high water storage, but low drought tolerance. The results reflected potential two water use strategies: one association with tolerance, and another\u00a0 one\u00a0 related\u00a0 to\u00a0 drought\u00a0 survival.\u00a0 In the species\u00a0 scale,\u00a0 these strategies are\u00a0independent of the scleromorphism axis (defined by LD), which was more efficient in distinguish continuous forest to fragmentes. At the community scale, there was no dominance of any contrasting functional type in old-growth forest, related to water use. In the fragments, there was a separation between drought tolerance and drought survival\u00a0&#8211; the latter being possibly explained by the initial successional stage, with high capacitance dominance and low LMA, potentially more vulnerable to periods of abnormally greater dry period. There is an apparent similarity related to water use between old-growth forest and diverse fragments, and secondary forest and fragments with high dominance. Finally, studies addressing the ecophysiological response, especially from the leaf hydraulics and their determinants, in a land-use context, are essential for the development of tools for tropical forest, such as the Atlantic Forest.<br \/>\n<strong>Keywords<\/strong>: leaf water relations, functional traits, Atlantic Forest, fragmentation<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>RESUMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">A exuberante Mata Atl\u00e2ntica possui uma das maiores biodiversidades do mundo, onde vive mais da metade da popula\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira, e uma das florestas tropicais mais amea\u00e7adas do mundo. Isso se deve, sobretudo, \u00e0 convers\u00e3o de florestas em terras agr\u00edcolas e pastagem, levando a intensa fragmenta\u00e7\u00e3o de florestas que, entre outros efeitos, altera sua composi\u00e7\u00e3o de esp\u00e9cies e funcionamento. Assim, esse cen\u00e1rio representa um laborat\u00f3rio natural de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o das consequ\u00eancias do uso da terra na estrutura e fun\u00e7\u00e3o de florestas modificadas pelo homem, em m\u00faltiplas escalas ecol\u00f3gicas. As estrat\u00e9gias de uso de recursos ao longo de gradientes ambientais s\u00e3o componentes fundamentais no estabelecimento das florestas em diferentes n\u00edveis de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o. Nesse contexto, uma abordagem de caracter\u00edsticas funcionais &#8211; preditiva e com poder de generalidade \u2013 que relacione o papel da estrutura foliar com resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca &#8211; pode ajudar a compreender as estrat\u00e9gias das esp\u00e9cies ligadas a diferentes n\u00edveis de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o. Dessa forma, foi testado se (1) resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca \u2013 i.e., menor ponto de perda de turgor (\u03c8ppt), alto m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade (\u03b5) e potencial osm\u00f3tico na hidrata\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e1xima (\u03c00) est\u00e3o ligadas a alto investimento estrutural \u2013 alta massa foliar espec\u00edfica (MFE) e densidade foliar (DF), e se a espessura foliar (EF) reflete uma alta capacit\u00e2ncia foliar no turgor m\u00e1ximo (C<sub>TM<\/sub>); (2) se fragmentos apresentam uma composi\u00e7\u00e3o funcional de maior resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca dessas caracter\u00edsticas, e portanto apresentam diferentes estrat\u00e9gias do uso da \u00e1gua, na escala das esp\u00e9cies e comunidades. Foram amostradas esp\u00e9cies que comp\u00f5em 70% da \u00e1rea basal de florestas cont\u00ednuas (madura, FS e secund\u00e1ria, FS), na regi\u00e3o do Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, e fragmentos de florestas distribu\u00eddos ao longo do transecto S\u00e3o Luis do Paraitinga- Taubat\u00e9. A liga\u00e7\u00e3o funcional entre estrutura e hidr\u00e1ulica foliar foi parcialmente confirmada pela correla\u00e7\u00e3o significativa entre \u03c8ppt e DF, diferentemente do esperado para C<sub>TM<\/sub> e EF. Entre as caracter\u00edsticas hidr\u00e1ulicas, alta elasticidade foi associada com alto\u00a0estoque de \u00e1gua, mas baixa resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca. Os resultados refletiram potenciais duas estrat\u00e9gias do uso da \u00e1gua: uma associada a resist\u00eancia, e outra voltada para evita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 seca. Na escala das esp\u00e9cies, essas estrat\u00e9gias s\u00e3o independentes do eixo de escleromorfismo (definido pela DF), que foi mais eficiente em distinguir florestas cont\u00ednuas de fragmentos. Na escala da comunidade, n\u00e3o houve domin\u00e2ncia de nenhum tipo funcional contrastante na FM em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao uso da \u00e1gua. Nos fragmentos, houve uma separa\u00e7\u00e3o entre resist\u00eancia e evita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 seca \u2013 sendo o ultimo possivelmente explicado pelo est\u00e1gio sucessional inicial, com domin\u00e2ncia de alta capacit\u00e2ncia, baixa MFE, potencialmente mais vulner\u00e1veis a per\u00edodos de secas anormalmente maiores. H\u00e1 uma aparente similaridade em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao uso da \u00e1gua entre floresta madura e fragmentos diversos, e entre floresta secund\u00e1ria e fragmentos com alta domin\u00e2ncia. Por fim, estudos que enderecem a resposta ecofisiol\u00f3gica, em especial sob a \u00f3tica da hidr\u00e1ulica foliar e seus determinantes, em um contexto de uso da terra, s\u00e3o essenciais para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas para conserva\u00e7\u00e3o das florestas tropicais, como a Mata Atl\u00e2ntica.<br \/>\n<strong>Palavras-chave<\/strong>: rela\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00eddricas foliares, caracter\u00edsticas funcionais, Mata Atl\u00e2ntica<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><\/h4>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/dissertacao_vitor-almeida_impressao.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2013\/09\/pdf_grande.gif\" alt=\"pdf_grande\" width=\"60\" height=\"60\" \/><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000\"><a style=\"color: #000000\" href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/dissertacao_vitor-almeida_impressao.pdf\">V\u00edtor Hugo Melo de Almeida<\/a><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2018\/02\/dissertacao_vitor-almeida_impressao.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><br \/>\nCaracter\u00edsticas foliares associadas \u00e0 resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca em um gradiente de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o antr\u00f3pica na Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, SP<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/\">VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00edtor Hugo Melo de Almeida Em 27 de Abril de 2017, V\u00edtor Almeida, aluno de mestrado do programa de P\u00f3s- Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica, bolsista FAPESP,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 defendeu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sua\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mestrado\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 intitulada,\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cCaracter\u00edsticas foliares associadas \u00e0 resist\u00eancia \u00e0 seca em um gradiente de perturba\u00e7\u00e3o antr\u00f3pica na Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6247"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6289,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6247\/revisions\/6289"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}