{"id":5540,"date":"2016-12-07T13:01:12","date_gmt":"2016-12-07T15:01:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=5540"},"modified":"2018-02-15T11:59:01","modified_gmt":"2018-02-15T13:59:01","slug":"2017-giovana-boccuzzi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/2017-giovana-boccuzzi\/","title":{"rendered":"Giovanna Boccuzzi MS"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"faixapos6\"<\/a><\/h2>\n
\n

Giovanna Boccuzzi<\/h2>\n
\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

No dia 26 de abril de 2017, no Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, foi realizada a defesa da disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de mestrado pela aluna Giovanna Boccuzzi, intitulada \u201cNitrog\u00eanio e f\u00f3sforo na interface atmosfera-vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o arb\u00f3rea-solo de remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica expostos a gradientes de estresse ambiental\u201d. O trabalho foi avaliado e aprovado pela banca examinadora composta pela presidente e orientadora Profa. Dra. Marisa Domingos (N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica) e pelos pesquisadores Prof. Dr. Welington Braz Carvalho Delitti (Departamento de Ecologia do Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo) e Profa. Dra. Regina Maria de Moraes (N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia,
\nInstituto de Bot\u00e2nica).<\/p>\n

\n

Nitrog\u00eanio e f\u00f3sforo na interface atmosfera-vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o arb\u00f3rea-solo de remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica expostos a gradientes de estresse ambiental<\/h3>\n
\n

ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Human actions has provided the increasing of nitrogen inputs to the ecosystems, such as gaseous (NOx) and water-soluble and adsorbed to particles (NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub>+<\/sup>). Phosphorus (P) is also an important and essential element to life in ecosystems and it is a limiting factor in tropical regions. P is present in the atmosphere mainly in the form of particles. Combustion processes have been the main anthropogenic sources of P for the atmosphere. In S\u00e3o Paulo, the remnants of the Atlantic Forest can be enriched by these compounds from urban, industrial and agricultural sources of pollution through dry and wet deposition. N and P of anthropic origin can be stored in larger proportions in the soil, litter and plant community than expected under natural conditions, which may compromise the nutritional balance and the productivity of forest ecosystems. Therefore, this research was carried out with the objective of evaluating atmospheric deposition of N\u00a0 and P and the N concentrations (total and soluble), P (total and soluble), and N\/P ratio in tree species, soil and litter of three remnants of Atlantic Forest located in increasing distances from the edge of the Atlantic upland areas of S\u00e3o Paulo and exposed theoretically to different levels of atmospheric deposition of nitrogenous compounds and phosphorus of anthropic origin. The samplings were carried out in three conservation units in S\u00e3o Paulo (Paranapiacaba Municipal Park \/ PP, Santo Andr\u00e9, State Park of Fontes do Ipiranga \/ PEFI, S\u00e3o Paulo and ARIE Mata de Santa Genebra \/ MSG, Campinas). The N deposition was quantified over the period from March\/15 to May\/16, determining the variation of the atmospheric concentrations of NO2<\/sub> for consecutive periods of 07 days, using passive samplers, the humid deposition of NO3<\/sub>– <\/sup>and NH4<\/sub>+<\/sup> in individual events of rainfall and the dry deposition of NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub> +<\/sup> and PO4<\/sub>3-<\/sup> for consecutive periods of 15 days. The total N and P, NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub>+<\/sup> and\/or PO4<\/sub>3-<\/sup> in each forest were quantified in the summer and winter of 2015 by sampling leaves of three pioneer tree species and three non-pioneer tree species, litter and soil of each area. Higher atmospheric deposition \u200b\u200bof NO2<\/sub> () and higher concentrations of soluble nitrogen in wet deposition were found in PEFI (37 \u03bcg \/m3<\/sup> and 0.15 g\/m2<\/sup> respectively). The same was observed for dry deposition in PEFI (0.026 g\/m2<\/sup>), compared to the values measured in MSG and PP (0.021 g\/m2<\/sup> in both areas). The non-pioneer tree species tended to present higher amounts of total N (58 g\/m2<\/sup> in PP, 57 g\/m2 <\/sup>in PEFI and 48 g\/m2 <\/sup>in MSG) than those measured in leaves of the pioneer trees (36 g\/m2<\/sup> in PP, 56 g\/m2 <\/sup>in PEFI and \u00a042 g\/m2 <\/sup>in MSG).\u00a0 The pioneer trees of PEFI (3.6 g\/m2<\/sup>) contained higher amounts of soluble forms of nitrogen than the those from the other areas, and the non-pioneer trees of MSG contained higher amounts of soluble N (3.2 g\/m2<\/sup>) than non-pioneers sampled in the other forest remnants. In the litter, greater nutrient stocks were found in the MSG area, except for P that was higher in the PEFI under the pioneer species (2.9 g\/m2<\/sup>). A higher total amount of N in the soil was observed in MSG under both pioneer and non-pioneer species (1900 g\/m2<\/sup>, 1665 g\/m2<\/sup>, respectively). According to the data obtained we concluded that there is an enhanced deposition of nitrogen of anthropic origin in the remnants of Atlantic Forest near urban, industrial and\/or agricultural sources, as it has been evidenced in PEFI and MSG. Despite of the entrance of particulate material enriched with P in these forests, there was a shortage of available P to the plants, especially during the dry season. As a result, the N\/P ratio values \u200b\u200bwere always higher than 20 in the leaf samples from all forests, indicating not only the higher N contribution at the\u00a0 forests next to anthropic sources, but also the productivity limitation in all the studied forests due to the lack\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0 P.
\nKeywords<\/strong>: Nitrogen, Atlantic Forest, Atmospheric pollutants<\/p>\n

RESUMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n

A\u00e7\u00f5es humanas t\u00eam proporcionado um aumento da entrada de poluentes nitrogenados nos ecossistemas, como gasosos (NOx<\/sub>) e sol\u00faveis em \u00e1gua e adsorvidos a part\u00edculas (NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub>+<\/sup>). O f\u00f3sforo (P) \u00e9 tamb\u00e9m um elemento importante e essencial \u00e0 vida nos ecossistemas e \u00e9 um fator limitante nas regi\u00f5es tropicais. P est\u00e1 presente na atmosfera principalmente na forma de part\u00edculas. Os processos de combust\u00e3o t\u00eam sido as principais fontes antr\u00f3picas de P para a atmosfera. Em S\u00e3o Paulo, os remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica podem ser enriquecidos por tais compostos provenientes de fontes de polui\u00e7\u00e3o urbanas, industriais e agr\u00edcolas, via deposi\u00e7\u00e3o seca e \u00famida. O N, assim como o P de origem antr\u00f3pica, podem ser estocados em maiores propor\u00e7\u00f5es no solo, serapilheira e comunidade vegetal do que ocorreria em condi\u00e7\u00f5es naturais, podendo comprometer o equil\u00edbrio nutricional e a produtividade dos ecossistemas florestais. Desse modo, esta pesquisa foi proposta com o objetivo de avaliar a deposi\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica de N e P e as concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de N (total e sol\u00favel), P (total e sol\u00favel), e raz\u00e3o N\/P em esp\u00e9cies arb\u00f3reas, solo e serapilheira de tr\u00eas remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica, situados em dist\u00e2ncias crescentes da borda do planalto atl\u00e2ntico paulista e expostos teoricamente a diferentes n\u00edveis de deposi\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica de compostos nitrogenados e de f\u00f3sforo, de origem antr\u00f3pica. As amostragens foram realizadas em tr\u00eas unidades de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o em S\u00e3o Paulo (Parque Municipal de Paranapiacaba\/PP, Santo Andr\u00e9; Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga\/PEFI, S\u00e3o Paulo e ARIE Mata de Santa Genebra\/MSG, Campinas). A deposi\u00e7\u00e3o de N foi quantificada ao longo do per\u00edodo de mar\u00e7o\/15 a maio\/16, determinando-se as varia\u00e7\u00f5es nas concentra\u00e7\u00f5es atmosf\u00e9ricas de NO2<\/sub> por per\u00edodos consecutivos de 07 dias, utilizando amostradores passivos, na deposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00famida de NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup> e NH4<\/sub>+ <\/sup>por eventos individuais de chuva e na deposi\u00e7\u00e3o seca de NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub>+ <\/sup>e PO4<\/sub>3-<\/sup> por per\u00edodos consecutivos de quinze dias. O estoque de N e P total, NO3<\/sub>–<\/sup>, NH4<\/sub>+<\/sup> e\/ou PO4<\/sub>3- <\/sup>em cada floresta foi quantificado no ver\u00e3o e no inverno\/2015 por meio de amostragens de folhas de tr\u00eas esp\u00e9cies arb\u00f3reas pioneiras e tr\u00eas n\u00e3o pioneiras de cada \u00e1rea, serapilheira e solo. Foram encontrados valores mais elevados de deposi\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica de NO2<\/sub> no PEFI (37 \u00b5g\/m3<\/sup>), igualmente para a deposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00famida de nitrog\u00eanio na forma sol\u00favel (PEFI 0,15 g\/m2<\/sup>). O mesmo ocorreu para a deposi\u00e7\u00e3o seca para o mesmo local (0,026 g\/m2<\/sup>) e em MSG e PP obteve-se o mesmo valor (0,021 g\/m2<\/sup>). As esp\u00e9cies arb\u00f3reas n\u00e3o pioneiras (58 g\/m2<\/sup> em PP, 57 g\/m2 <\/sup>no PEFI e 48 g\/m2 <\/sup>na MSG) tenderam a apresentar maior quantidade de N total em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s pioneiras (36 g\/m2<\/sup> em PP, 56 g\/m2 <\/sup>no PEFI e 42 g\/m2 <\/sup>na MSG). Para as formas sol\u00faveis de nitrog\u00eanio, as pioneiras do PEFI estocaram maiores quantidades em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s outras \u00e1reas (3,6 g\/m2<\/sup>), e as n\u00e3o pioneiras de MSG foram as esp\u00e9cies que estocaram em maior quantidade (3,2 g\/m2<\/sup>). Na serapilheira, encontraram-se maiores estoques de nutrientes na \u00e1rea de MSG, com exce\u00e7\u00e3o do f\u00f3sforo que foi maior no PEFI sob as esp\u00e9cies pioneiras (2,9 g\/m2<\/sup>). No solo encontramos uma quantidade de N total maior em MSG sob as esp\u00e9cies n\u00e3o pioneiras e pioneiras (1900 g\/m2<\/sup>; 1665 g\/m2<\/sup>, respectivamente). De acordo com os dados obtidos conclui-se que h\u00e1 a deposi\u00e7\u00e3o de nitrog\u00eanio de origem antr\u00f3pica nos remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica pr\u00f3ximos a fontes urbanas, industriais e\/ou agr\u00edcola, como foi evidenciado no PEFI e em MSG. Apesar de haver a entrada de material particulado enriquecido de P nessas florestas, denotou-se a escassez de P dispon\u00edvel \u00e0s plantas, especialmente na esta\u00e7\u00e3o seca. Como resultado, os valores da raz\u00e3o N\/P foram sempre superiores a 20 neste estudo, podendo indicar n\u00e3o somente o maior aporte de N nas florestas antropizadas, como tamb\u00e9m a limita\u00e7\u00e3o da produtividade em todas as florestas estudadas pela escassez de P.
\nPalavras-chave<\/strong>: Araneae, Cactaceae, Itera\u00e7\u00e3o planta-animal, Paranapiacaba<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n
\n

\"pdf_grande\"<\/a>Giovanna Boccuzzi<\/a><\/span>
\nNitrog\u00eanio e f\u00f3sforo na interface atmosfera-vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o arb\u00f3rea-solo de remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica expostos a gradientes de estresse ambiental<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giovanna Boccuzzi No dia 26 de abril de 2017, no Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, foi realizada a defesa da disserta\u00e7\u00e3o de mestrado pela aluna Giovanna Boccuzzi, intitulada \u201cNitrog\u00eanio e f\u00f3sforo na interface atmosfera-vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o arb\u00f3rea-solo de remanescentes de Floresta Atl\u00e2ntica expostos a gradientes de estresse ambiental\u201d. O trabalho foi avaliado e aprovado pela banca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5540"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5540"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5540\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6218,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5540\/revisions\/6218"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}