{"id":4981,"date":"2015-12-28T17:08:14","date_gmt":"2015-12-28T19:08:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=4981"},"modified":"2018-05-23T12:21:47","modified_gmt":"2018-05-23T15:21:47","slug":"2015-catia-takeuchi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/2015-catia-takeuchi\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1tia Takeuchi DR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"faixapos6\"<\/a><\/h2>\n
\n

C\u00e1tia Takeuchi
\n<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

No dia 31 de agosto de 2015, a aluna do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo\/IBt, C\u00e1tia Takeuchi (bolsista CAPES), defendeu sua tese de doutorado intitulada \u201c<\/span>Gaya<\/em> Kunth (Malvoideae, Malvaceae):
\nFilogenia e sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com g\u00eaneros afins e Revis\u00e3o Taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies que ocorrem no Brasil\u201d.
\n<\/span>A banca examinadora foi composta pela Dra. Gerleni Lopes Esteves (Orientadora e Presidente\/IBt), Dr. Vin\u00edcius de Castro Souza (ESALQ), Dra. Mar\u00edlia Cristina Duarte (UMC), Dra. Ingrid Koch (UNICAMP) e Dr. F\u00e1bio de Barros (IBt).<\/p>\n

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Gaya<\/em> Kunth (Malvoideae, Malvaceae): Filogenia e sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com g\u00eaneros afins e Revis\u00e3o Taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies que ocorrem no Brasil<\/b><\/h3>\n
\n

RESUMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Gaya<\/em> Kunth (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, tribo Malveae) compreende 39 esp\u00e9cies distribu\u00eddas na regi\u00e3o Neotropical, desde o M\u00e9xico at\u00e9 a Argentina, com maior diversidade no Brasil onde ocorrem 14 esp\u00e9cies. As an\u00e1lises filogen\u00e9ticas moleculares realizadas com a tribo Malveae, baseadas na amostragem de apenas duas esp\u00e9cies e em um \u00fanico marcador (ITS), n\u00e3o esclareceram as rela\u00e7\u00f5es de <\/span>Gaya<\/i> com os g\u00eaneros afins. O presente estudo visou realizar uma an\u00e1lise filogen\u00e9tica do g\u00eanero utilizando dados moleculares (ITS, <\/span>rpL<\/em>16 <\/span>intron<\/em> e petL-psbE), morfol\u00f3gicos, citogen\u00e9ticos e pol\u00ednicos, al\u00e9m de uma maior amostragem de esp\u00e9cies a fim de testar o monofiletismo de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> e esclarecer as suas rela\u00e7\u00f5es na tribo Malveae. Foram amostradas 43 esp\u00e9cies de Malveae, sendo 19 de <\/span>Gaya<\/em>, al\u00e9m de uma esp\u00e9cie da tribo Malvavisceae. <\/span>Gaya<\/em> emergiu como monofil\u00e9tico em todas as an\u00e1lises individuais e combinada de todos os marcadores, sendo sustentado por duas sinapomorfias morfol\u00f3gicas. A rela\u00e7\u00e3o desse g\u00eanero como grupo-irm\u00e3o de <\/span>Herissantia<\/em> foi evidenciada em todas as an\u00e1lises com fraca a forte sustenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Os padr\u00f5es de evolu\u00e7\u00e3o dos caracteres mapeados revelaram poucas sinapomorfias para a sustenta\u00e7\u00e3o das rela\u00e7\u00f5es de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> com os g\u00eaneros afins. Quanto \u00e0 taxonomia de <\/span>Gaya<\/em>, os principais estudos compreendem invent\u00e1rios flor\u00edsticos e uma sinopse com \u00eanfase nas descri\u00e7\u00f5es de 10 esp\u00e9cies novas. No Brasil, a escassez de estudos vem dificultando o entendimento da circunscri\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00eanero e da delimita\u00e7\u00e3o e distribui\u00e7\u00e3o geogr\u00e1fica de suas esp\u00e9cies. Soma-se a isso, a baixa representa\u00e7\u00e3o de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> nos herb\u00e1rios brasileiros. Assim sendo, objetivou-se realizar a revis\u00e3o taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> que ocorrem no Brasil, fornecendo chave anal\u00edtica, descri\u00e7\u00f5es morfol\u00f3gicas, ilustra\u00e7\u00f5es in\u00e9ditas das esp\u00e9cies, coment\u00e1rios sobre variabilidade, rela\u00e7\u00f5es taxon\u00f4micas, mapas, distribui\u00e7\u00e3o geogr\u00e1fica, novas ocorr\u00eancias e dados de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o. Foram analisados cerca de 450 materiais de herb\u00e1rios brasileiros e estrangeiros e oriundos de um programa de coleta que abrangeu 37 munic\u00edpios brasileiros. As 14 esp\u00e9cies de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> registradas no Brasil (oito end\u00eamicas) est\u00e3o amplamente distribu\u00eddas no pa\u00eds, especialmente na regi\u00e3o Nordeste, no dom\u00ednio da Caatinga. Os frutos de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> ofereceram o maior n\u00famero de caracteres taxon\u00f4micos para a delimita\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00eanero, destacando-se a posi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma constri\u00e7\u00e3o nos mericarpos, o tipo de deisc\u00eancia dos mericarpos, a posi\u00e7\u00e3o das flores e dos frutos nos diferentes est\u00e1gios de desenvolvimento e o local de origem da endoglossa que \u00e9 uma protrus\u00e3o da parede do mericarpo que geralmente ret\u00e9m a semente e que aqui foi minuciosamente analisada pela primeira vez. A taxonomia das esp\u00e9cies foi estudada com base na morfologia do indumento, c\u00e1lice, p\u00e9talas e dos frutos. Foi constatado que metade das esp\u00e9cies est\u00e1 amea\u00e7ada, sendo que uma esp\u00e9cie se enquadra na categoria \u201cEm Perigo\u201d. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo foram apresentados em tr\u00eas cap\u00edtulos: 1) Filogenia molecular e evolu\u00e7\u00e3o dos caracteres de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> e de g\u00eaneros afins; 2) Revis\u00e3o taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies de <\/span>Gaya<\/em> que ocorrem no Brasil; 3) <\/span>Gaya xiquexiquensis<\/em> (Malvoideae, Malvaceae), uma esp\u00e9cie nova do Estado da Bahia, Brasil.
\n<\/span>Palavras-chave<\/strong>: morfologia, ITS, petL-psbe, rpL16 intron<\/i>, taxonomia, tribo Malveae<\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

Gaya<\/em> Kunth (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, tribe Malveae) comprises thirty nine species distributed in Neotropical region, from M\u00e9xico to Argentina, with greatest diversity in Brazil where occur fourteen species. Phyogenetic studies performed with tribe Malveae were unable to clarify relationships among <\/span>Gaya<\/em> and related genera, with only two species of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> sampled and using only one molecular marker (ITS). The present study aimed to test the monophyly of the genus, with a wider sample, as well as bring light to its affinities based on morphologic, palinologic and cytogenetic data and sequences from nuclear ITS and plastid petL-psbE and <\/span>rpL<\/em>16 intron<\/em>. Forty-three species from tribe Malveae were sampled, of which nineteen are species of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> and one belongs tribe Malvavisceae. <\/span>Gaya<\/em> emerged as monophyletic on individual and combinated analyses from molecular sequences with moderated to high support, and is supported by two morphologic synapomorphies. Relationship between the genus as sister group to <\/span>Herissantia<\/em> was evident on all analysis with low to high support. Evolution patterns of morphological characters mapped revealed few synapomorphies supporting the relationships of <\/span>Gaya <\/i>and related genera. Regarding to the taxonomy of <\/span>Gaya<\/em>, most studies comprises floristic inventories and a synopsis with emphasis on ten new species. The lack of studies has been a challenging to generic circumscription and delimitation and geographical distribution of species. Furthermore, <\/span>Gaya<\/em> has low representation in Brazilian herbaria. Thus, this work aimed to accomplish the taxonomic revision of the species of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> occurring in Brazil, proving an analytical key, morphological descriptions, new illustrations, comments about the variability, taxonomic relationship, distribution, maps, new occurrences and conservation data. Approximately 450 materials from Brazilian and foreign herbaria and from a collection program which covered 37 Brazilian municipalities were analyzed. The fourteen species of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> registered in Brazil (eight endemic) are widely distributed, especially in Northeastern region, in Caatinga domain. The fruit of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> offered the largest numbers of taxonomic characters to generic delimitation, mainly the constriction site of the mericarp, dehiscence type of the mericarp, the position of flowers and fruits along the different development stages and site of endoglossum origin on the mericarp which is a protusion of mericarp wall, thoroughly analyzed here for the first time. The taxonomy of the species was based on indumentum, calyx, petals and fruit morphology. It has been found that half of species are threatened, one of them is Endangered. The results of this study were presented in three chapters: 1) Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> Kunth and related genera (Malvoideae, Malvaceae); 2) Taxonomic revision of <\/span>Gaya<\/em> Kunth (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in Brazil; 3) <\/span>Gaya xiquexiquensis<\/em> (Malvoideae, Malvaceae), a new species from Bahia State, Brazil.
\n<\/span>Key words<\/strong>: morphology, ITS, petL-psbe, rpL16 intron<\/i>, taxonomy, tribe Malveae<\/p>\n

\n

\"pdf_grande\"<\/a>C\u00e1tia Takeuchi
\nGaya Kunth (Malvoideae, Malvaceae): Filogenia e sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com g\u00eaneros afins e Revis\u00e3o Taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies que ocorrem no Brasil<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1tia Takeuchi No dia 31 de agosto de 2015, a aluna do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo\/IBt, C\u00e1tia Takeuchi (bolsista CAPES), defendeu sua tese de doutorado intitulada \u201cGaya Kunth (Malvoideae, Malvaceae): Filogenia e sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com g\u00eaneros afins e Revis\u00e3o Taxon\u00f4mica das esp\u00e9cies que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4981"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6445,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4981\/revisions\/6445"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}