{"id":4795,"date":"2015-12-22T13:19:05","date_gmt":"2015-12-22T15:19:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/?page_id=4795"},"modified":"2018-06-06T11:53:57","modified_gmt":"2018-06-06T14:53:57","slug":"2015-fernanda-rios-jacinavicius","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/2015-fernanda-rios-jacinavicius\/","title":{"rendered":"Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius DR"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3777\" style=\"border: 0px\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg\" alt=\"faixapos6\" width=\"950\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6.jpg 950w, https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/02\/faixapos6-768x131.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #003300\">Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/12\/Fernanda-Rios-Jacinavicius.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4798\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/12\/Fernanda-Rios-Jacinavicius.jpg\" alt=\"Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius\" width=\"491\" height=\"357\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius, aluna do programa em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista FAPESP, defendeu no dia 24 de fevereiro de 2015, a tese de doutorado intitulada \u201cAspectos morfol\u00f3gicos, fisiol\u00f3gicos e bioqu\u00edmicos e suas rela\u00e7\u00f5es com produ\u00e7\u00e3o de microcistinas em cepas de <\/span><em>Microcystis aeruginosa<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\"> (Cyanobacteria)\u201d orientada pela Dra. C\u00e9lia Leite Sant\u2019Anna do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo (IBt) e co-orientada pela Dra. Ana Beatriz Furlanetto Pacheco da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ).<br \/>\n<\/span>A banca examinadora foi constitu\u00edda pela Dra. C\u00e9lia Leite Sant\u2019Anna, Dra.\u00a0Sandra Maria Feliciano de Oliveira e Azevedo (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ), Dra. Marli de F\u00e1tima Fiori (CENA &#8211; Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, USP), Dra.Alessandra Giani Pinto Coelho (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerai, UFMG) e Dra. Fanly Fungyi Chow Ho(Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, USP).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Legenda: Da direita para esquerda: Dra. C\u00e9lia Leite Sant\u2019Anna, Dra. Fanly Fungyi Chow Ho, Dra.\u00a0Sandra Maria Feliciano de Oliveira e Azevedo, Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius, Dra.Alessandra Giani Pinto Coelho, Dra. Marli de F\u00e1tima Fiori e Dra. Ana Beatriz Furlanetto Pacheco.<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Aspectos morfol\u00f3gicos, fisiol\u00f3gicos e bioqu\u00edmicos e suas rela\u00e7\u00f5es com produ\u00e7\u00e3o de microcistinas em cepas de\u00a0 <em>Microcystis aeruginosa<\/em> (Cyanobacteria)<\/h3>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: medium\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The genus <em>Microcystis <\/em>is one that causes most problems in continental waters worldwide due to its capacity of forming blooms and producing toxins. <em>M. aeruginosa<\/em> is the most known and studied species of the genus since it is an impacting cyanobacteria able to form blooms in water environments. Blooms are formed by a group of lineages; some are capable of producing hepatotoxic peptides called microcystins, others are not. Understanding the factors that affect microcystin production in cyanobacteria has been a challenge for researchers for almost 40 years. In spite of intense investigation, many results are contradictory, thus, its function as well as control of its production are not clear yet. Lack of conclusive data generates a gap when seeking to establish how and when a toxin can be produced by a given species of cyanobacteria. Thus, our objective was to compare a toxic (CCIBt3194) and a non-toxic (CCIBt3106) lineage of <i>M. aeruginosa <\/i>regarding microcystin production, analyzing morphometric, ultrastructural and physiological parameters revealed by pigment profile, protein differential expression and photosynthetic and antioxidant activities in different growth phases. Lineages isolated from reservoirs in S\u00e3o Paulo were cultivated in the following conditions: 23 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C, 40-50 \u03bcmol photons m-2.s-1, 14-10h light-dark cycle and ASM-1 medium. Cells were collected in exponential and stationary growth phases and all parameters were investigated. The obtained data indicate that toxic and non-toxic lineages presented different profiles of protein when they went from exponential to stationary phases. Non-toxic lineages showed more active metabolism in the exponential phase, with a higher number of more expressed proteins and cells, and that was inverted in the stationary phase when toxic strains had higher growth rate and more active metabolism. As for the toxic lineage in exponential growth, it was also observed functions associated with active energetic metabolism (ATP, Acetil-CoA and protein synthesis, carbon utilization and catalytic processes). It is possible to speculate that these differences are associated with the production of a protein pool, which includes the microcystin synthesis activity, indicating that the toxic strain invested resources producing protein instead of duplicating cells. The lineages presented differences in the nitrogen metabolism, which may or may not be related to the difference in terms of microcystin synthesis. Besides, the toxic lineage formed floating colonies with numerous cells incorporated to the mucilage in both growth phases, with high protein synthesis constituting of aerotopes. This way, it showed attributes related to more dependence on light, with lower concentration of accessory pigments, higher antioxidant values and higher values of yield of regulated and non-regulated non-photochemical extinction. Consequently, the protector system against photooxidation was more active in this lineage. On the other hand, the non-toxic lineage showed attributes related to less dependence of light, small colonies, with few cells, non-floating, higher values of accessory pigments, chlorophyll <i>a<\/i>, photosynthetic efficiency and yield of photochemical extinction. In relation to cell organization, the volume of the cianoficeas granules, aerotopes and thylakoid disposition were the ones that contributed the most to the distinction between lineages and between the different growth phases. The accumulation of carboxysomes and polyphosphate granules was observed in higher number in the non-toxic lineage in the exponential phase, indicating more emphasis on CO2 fixation by the carboxysomes and availability of the use of reserves of polyphosphate granules as energy source for ATP synthesis. Both lineage presented a standard system of thylakoid membranes, dispersed throughout the cytoplasm in the exponential growth phase. However, in the stationary phase, the non-toxic lineage presented cells with different thylakoid distributions. Thus, the two lineages compared in this study had very different strategies to deal with two different physiological conditions represented by the exponential and stationary growth phases. This may be due to the phenotypical variability (of genetic basis) between the two lineages, which have potential to exploit their environment in distinct ways. This variability may supplant the specific difference which is the synthesis capacity, or not, of microcystin. Therefore, in nature, these strategic differences found in light absorption may provide favorable conditions for the toxic and non-toxic lineages to share the same environment.<br \/>\n<strong>Key words<\/strong>: microcystins, ultrastructure, morphology, physiology, biochemistry<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>RESUMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">O g\u00eanero <\/span><em style=\"text-align: justify;line-height: 1.5em\">Microcystis<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">\u00e9 um dos que mais causam problemas em \u00e1guas continentais de todo mundo devido a sua alta capacidade de formar flora\u00e7\u00f5es e produzir toxinas. <\/span><em style=\"text-align: justify;line-height: 1.5em\">M. aeruginosa<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">\u00e9 a esp\u00e9cie mais conhecida e estudada do g\u00eanero, pois \u00e9 uma impactante cianobact\u00e9ria formadora de flora\u00e7\u00f5es em ambientes aqu\u00e1ticos. As flora\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o formadas por um conjunto de linhagens, algumas capazes de produzir um pept\u00eddeo hepatot\u00f3xico chamado microcistina, outras n\u00e3o. Compreender os fatores que afetam a produ\u00e7\u00e3o das microcistinas em cianobact\u00e9rias tem sido um desafio para os pesquisadores h\u00e1 quase 40 anos. Apesar da intensa investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, muitos resultados s\u00e3o contradit\u00f3rios, deste modo, ainda n\u00e3o h\u00e1 clareza sobre sua fun\u00e7\u00e3o bem como o controle de sua produ\u00e7\u00e3o. Essa falta de dados conclusivos gera uma lacuna quando se busca estabelecer como e quando uma toxina pode ser produzida por uma dada esp\u00e9cie de cianobact\u00e9ria. Assim, nosso objetivo foi comparar uma linhagem t\u00f3xica (CCIBt3194) e outra n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica (CCIBt3106) de <\/span><i style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">M. aeruginosa <\/i><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">quanto \u00e0 produ\u00e7\u00e3o de microcistinas, analisando par\u00e2metros morfom\u00e9tricos, ultraestruturais e fisiol\u00f3gicos revelados pelo perfil de pigmentos, express\u00e3o diferencial de prote\u00ednas e atividades fotossint\u00e9tica e antioxidante, em diferentes fases de crescimento. As linhagens isoladas de reservat\u00f3rios em S\u00e3o Paulo foram cultivadas nas seguintes condi\u00e7\u00f5es: 23 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C, 40-50 \u03bcmol. fotons m-2 s \u20131, 14-10h ciclo claro-escuro e meio ASM-1. As c\u00e9lulas foram coletadas em fase de crescimento exponencial e exponencial tardia e todos os par\u00e2metros foram investigados. Os dados obtidos apontam que as linhagens t\u00f3xica e n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica exibiram perfis diferentes de prote\u00ednas ao passar da fase exponencial para a exponencial tardia. A linhagem n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica teve o metabolismo mais ativo na fase exponencial, com maior n\u00famero de prote\u00ednas mais expressas e de c\u00e9lulas, o que inverteu-se na exponencial tardia, quando a cepa t\u00f3xica teve a maior taxa de crescimento e o metabolismo mais ativo. Quanto \u00e0 linhagem t\u00f3xica em crescimento exponencial, tamb\u00e9m foram observadas fun\u00e7\u00f5es associadas ao metabolismo energ\u00e9tico ativo (s\u00edntese de ATP, Acetil-CoA, de prote\u00ednas, utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de carbono e processos catal\u00edticos). Pode-se especular que essas diferen\u00e7as estejam associadas \u00e0 produ\u00e7\u00e3o de um pool de prote\u00ednas, o que inclui a atividade de s\u00edntese de microcistina, indicando que a cepa t\u00f3xica investiu recursos produzindo prote\u00ednas em detrimento da duplica\u00e7\u00e3o celular. As linhagens apresentaram diferen\u00e7as no metabolismo de nitrog\u00eanio, o que pode ou n\u00e3o estar relacionado \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a quanto \u00e0 s\u00edntese de microcistinas. Al\u00e9m do mais, a linhagem t\u00f3xica formou col\u00f4nias flutuantes com numerosas c\u00e9lulas incorporadas na mucilagem em ambas \u00e0s fases de crescimento, com alta s\u00edntese de prote\u00ednas constituintes de aer\u00f3topos. Sendo assim, exibiu atributos relacionados \u00e0 maior depend\u00eancia de luz, como menores concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de pigmentos acess\u00f3rios, maiores valores de antioxidantes e maiores valores de rendimento de extin\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o-fotoqu\u00edmica regulada e n\u00e3o regulada. Portanto, o sistema protetor contra a fotooxida\u00e7\u00e3o foi mais atuante nesta linhagem. Enquanto isso, a linhagem n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica exibiu atributos relacionados \u00e0 menor depend\u00eancia de luz, col\u00f4nias pequenas, com poucas c\u00e9lulas, n\u00e3o flutuantes, maiores valores de pigmentos acess\u00f3rios, clorofila <\/span><i style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">a<\/i><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">, efici\u00eancia fotossint\u00e9tica e rendimento de extin\u00e7\u00e3o fotoqu\u00edmica. Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 organiza\u00e7\u00e3o celular, o volume dos gr\u00e2nulos de cianoficinas, os aer\u00f3topos e a disposi\u00e7\u00e3o dos tilac\u00f3ides foram os que mais contribu\u00edram para a distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre as linhagens e entre as diferentes fases de crescimento. O ac\u00famulo de carboxissomos e gr\u00e2nulos de polifosfato foram observados em maior n\u00famero na linhagem n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica na fase exponencial, indicando maior \u00eanfase na fixa\u00e7\u00e3o de CO<\/span><sub style=\"line-height: 1.5em\">2<\/sub><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em\"> pelos carboxissomos e disponibilidade do uso de reservas dos gr\u00e2nulos de polifosfato como fonte de energia para a s\u00edntese de ATP. Ambas as linhagens apresentaram sistema de membranas tilacoidais tipo padr\u00e3o, disperso por todo o citoplasma, na fase exponencial de crescimento. Contudo, na fase exponencial tardia a linhagem n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica apresentou c\u00e9lulas com diferentes distribui\u00e7\u00f5es dos tilac\u00f3ides. Sendo assim, as duas linhagens comparadas neste estudo tiveram estrat\u00e9gias bem diferentes para lidar com duas condi\u00e7\u00f5es fisi\u00f3logicas diferentes representadas pelas fases exponencial e exponencial tardia de crescimento. Isso pode ser devido \u00e0 variabilidade fenot\u00edpica (de base gen\u00e9tica) entre as duas linhagens que t\u00eam potencial para explorar de forma distinta o seu ambiente. Esta variabilidade pode suplantar a diferen\u00e7a pontual que \u00e9 a capacidade ou n\u00e3o de s\u00edntese de microcistina. Deste modo, na natureza, essas diferentes estrat\u00e9gias encontradas para absor\u00e7\u00e3o de luz devem proporcionar condi\u00e7\u00f5es favor\u00e1veis para que linhagens t\u00f3xica e n\u00e3o t\u00f3xica compartilhem do mesmo ambiente.<br \/>\n<\/span><strong>Palavras-chave<\/strong>: microcistinas, ultraestrutura, morfologia, fisiologia e bioqu\u00edmica.<\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/12\/Fernanda_Rios_Jacinavicius_DR.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2313 size-full\" style=\"border: 0px\" src=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2013\/09\/pdf_grande.gif\" alt=\"pdf_grande\" width=\"60\" height=\"60\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/12\/Fernanda_Rios_Jacinavicius_DR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius<br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/smastr16.blob.core.windows.net\/pgibt\/2015\/12\/Fernanda_Rios_Jacinavicius_DR.pdf\">Aspectos morfol\u00f3gicos, fisiol\u00f3gicos e bioqu\u00edmicos e suas rela\u00e7\u00f5es com produ\u00e7\u00e3o de microcistinas em cepas de\u00a0 <em>Microcystis aeruginosa<\/em> (Cyanobacteria)<\/a><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/dissertacoesteses\/\">VOLTAR AS DISSERTA\u00c7\u00d5ES E TESES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr align=\"center\" noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius, aluna do programa em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente do Instituto de Bot\u00e2nica de S\u00e3o Paulo, bolsista FAPESP, defendeu no dia 24 de fevereiro de 2015, a tese de doutorado intitulada \u201cAspectos morfol\u00f3gicos, fisiol\u00f3gicos e bioqu\u00edmicos e suas rela\u00e7\u00f5es com produ\u00e7\u00e3o de microcistinas em cepas de Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria)\u201d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":249,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4795"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4795"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4795\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6484,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4795\/revisions\/6484"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br\/pgibt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}